UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549  

	
 	
FORM 8-K  

	
 	
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): September 4, 2018 (August 30, 2018)

	

GREIF, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

	

	
				
Delaware	 	001-00566	31-4388903	
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)	 	(Commission
File Number)	(IRS Employer
Identification No.)	
425 Winter Road, Delaware, Ohio	43015	
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)	
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (740) 549-6000
Not Applicable
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)

	

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

¨	Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)	

¨	Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)	

¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))	

¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))	

Section 2 – Financial Information

Item 2.02.	Results of Operations and Financial Condition.	
On August 30, Greif, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release (the “Earnings Release”) announcing the financial results for its third quarter ended July 31, 2018 . The full text of the Earnings Release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
The Earnings Release included the following non-GAAP financial measures (the “non-GAAP Measures”):

(i)	the Company's consolidated operating profit, before special items, for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to the Company's consolidated operating profit for the applicable period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each on a consolidated basis for the applicable period;	

(ii)	the Company's net income, excluding the impact of special items, for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to the Company's consolidated net income for the applicable period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, plus non-cash pension settlement charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each net of tax, noncontrolling interest and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates and on a consolidated basis for the applicable period;	

(iii)	the Company's earnings per diluted class A share, excluding the impact of special items, for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to earnings per diluted class A share of the Company for the applicable period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, plus non-cash pension settlement charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each net of tax, noncontrolling interest and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates and on a consolidated basis for the applicable period;	

(iv)	the Company's income tax rate, excluding the impact of special items, for the third quarter of 2018, which is equal to the Company's consolidated tax expense for such period plus the tax expense (benefit) of restructuring charges, plus the tax expense (benefit) of acquisition-related costs, plus the tax expense (benefit) of non-cash asset impairment charges, plus the provisional net tax benefit resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Reform Act”), plus the tax expense (benefit) of non-cash pension settlement charges, less the tax expense (benefit) of gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, divided by the Company's consolidated income before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net for such period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, plus non-cash pension settlement charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each on a consolidated basis for such period;	

(v)	the Company’s consolidated free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to the Company’s consolidated net cash provided by operating activities, excluding the one-time $65.0 million contribution by the Company during the third quarter of 2018 to its U.S. defined benefit plan, for the applicable period less cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment for the applicable period;	

(vi)	net sales excluding foreign currency translation for the Company's Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to that business segment's net sales for the applicable quarter, after adjusting such sales for the third quarter of 2018 for foreign currency translation;	

(vii)	operating profit before special items for the Company’s Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017 which is equal to that business segment’s operating profit plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each for the applicable period;	

(viii)	operating profit before special items for the Company’s Paper Packaging & Services business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017 which is equal to that business segment’s operating profit plus restructuring charges, each for the applicable period;	

		
(ix)	net sales excluding foreign currency translation for the Company's Flexible Products & Services business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to that business segment's net sales for the applicable quarter, after adjusting such sales for the third quarter of 2018 for foreign currency translation;	

(x)	operating profit before special items for the Company’s Flexible Products & Services business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to that business segment’s operating profit plus restructuring charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each for the applicable period; and	

(xi)	operating profit before special items for the Company’s Land Management business segment for the third quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2017, which is equal to that business segment’s operating profit less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each for the applicable period.	

The Earnings Release also included the following forward-looking non-GAAP measures:

(i)	the Company's full year 2018 Class A earnings per share before special items guidance, which is equal to earnings per diluted class A share of the Company for such period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, plus non-cash pension settlement charges, plus the provisional net tax benefit resulting from the Tax Reform Act, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each net of tax, noncontrolling interest and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates and on a consolidated basis for such period; and	

(ii)	the Company's full year 2018 tax rate guidance, excluding the impact of special items, which is equal to the Company's consolidated tax expense for such period plus the tax expense (benefit) of restructuring charges, plus the tax expense (benefit) of acquisition-related costs, plus the tax expense (benefit) of non-cash asset impairment charges, plus the provisional net tax benefit resulting from the Tax Reform Act, plus the tax expense (benefit) of non-cash pension settlement charges, less the tax expense (benefit) of gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, divided by the Company's consolidated income before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net for such period plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash asset impairment charges, less gains on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net, each on a consolidated basis for such period; and	

(iii)	the Company's full year 2018 projected free cash flow guidance, which is equal to the Company's consolidated net cash provided by operating activities for such period and scenario less cash paid for capital expenditures for the applicable period and scenario. A reconciliation of this forward-looking non-GAAP financial measure was included in the Earnings Release.	
No reconciliation of the forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures were included in the Earnings Release for items (i) and (ii) because, due to the high variability and difficulty in making accurate forecasts and projections of some of the excluded information, together with some of the excluded information not being ascertainable or accessible, the Company is unable to quantify certain amounts that would be required to be included in the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures without unreasonable efforts.
Management of the Company uses the non-GAAP Measures to evaluate ongoing operations and believes that these non-GAAP Measures are useful to investors. The exclusion of the impact of the identified special items (restructuring charges, acquisition- related costs, non-cash asset impairment charges, non-cash pension settlement charges, the provisional net tax benefit resulting from the Tax Reform Act and disposals of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net) enable management and investors to perform meaningful comparisons of current and historical performance of the Company. Management of the Company also believes that the exclusion of the impact of the identified special items provide a stable platform on which to compare the historical performance of the Company and that investors desire this information. Management believes that the use of consolidated free cash flow, which excludes cash paid for capital expenditures from the Company's consolidated net cash provided by operating activities, provides additional information on which to evaluate the cash flow generated by the Company and believes that this is information that investors find valuable. The non-GAAP Measures are intended to supplement and should be read together with our financial results. The non-GAAP Measures should not be considered an alternative or substitute for, and should not be considered superior to, our reported financial results. Accordingly, users of this financial information should not place undue reliance on the non-GAAP Measures.

Section 7 – Regulation FD

Item 7.01.    Regulation FD Disclosure.

On August 30, 2018, management of the Company held a conference call with interested investors and financial analysts (the “Conference Call”) to discuss the Company’s financial results for its third quarter ended July 31, 2018. The file transcript of the Conference Call is attached as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Section 9 – Financial Statements and Exhibits

Item 9.01.	Financial Statements and Exhibits.	

(d)	Exhibits.	

		
Exhibit No.	Description	
99.1	Press release issued by Greif, Inc. on August 29, 2018 announcing the financial results for its third quarter ended July 31, 2018	
99.2	File transcript of conference call with interested investors and financial analysts held by management of Greif, Inc. on August 30, 2018.	

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	
			
 	GREIF, INC.	
Date: September 4, 2018	By	/s/ Lawrence A. Hilsheimer	
 	 	Lawrence A. Hilsheimer,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	

Exhibit 99.1

	
	
Contact:    	
Matt Eichmann	
740-549-6067	
matt.eichmann@greif.com	
Greif Reports Third Quarter 2018 Results
DELAWARE, Ohio (August 29, 2018) – Greif, Inc. (NYSE: GEF, GEF.B), a world leader in industrial packaging products and services, today announced third quarter 2018 results.
Third Quarter Highlights include (all results compared to the third quarter of 2017 unless otherwise noted):

•	Net sales increased by $50.3 million to $1,012.1 million .	

•	Gross profit increased by $30.0 million to $217.1 million .	

•	Operating profit increased by $23.5 million to $114.0 million and operating profit before special items 1 increased by $23.2 million to $117.7 million .	

•	Net income of $67.7 million or $1.15 per diluted Class A share increased compared to net income of $43.9 million or $0.74 per diluted Class A share. Net income, excluding the impact of special items, of $70.9 million or $1.20 per diluted Class A share increased compared to net income, excluding the impact of special items, of $49.7 million or $0.85 per diluted Class A share.	

•	Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $38.3 million to $51.3 million . The $38.3 million decrease included a one-time $65.0 million U.S pension contribution. Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution 2 increased by $16.4 million to $80.6 million .	

•	Increased quarterly cash dividends to $0.44 per share on Class A Common Stock and $0.66 per share on Class B Common Stock, an increase of 4.8 percent from dividends paid in the second quarter of 2018.	
“Greif delivered solid third quarter results, with stronger year over year operating profit before special items, earnings and free cash flow,” said Greif’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Pete Watson. “Our Paper Packaging and Flexible Products segments continue to demonstrate strong results. Our Rigid Packaging segment experienced strong demand across much of the portfolio, but was impacted by the continuation of rising raw material costs and unique headwinds in certain regions of our global business. At the same time, the improved overall performance of our diversified portfolio leads us to increase our Fiscal 2018 Class A EPS before special items guidance range to $3.53 - $3.69. In addition, we are pleased that earlier this week our Board of Directors approved an increased quarterly dividend, which reflects our ongoing commitment to shareholder returns and the confidence we have in our global business.”

	

		
(1)	A summary of all special items that are excluded from operating profit before special items, from net income before special items, and from earnings per diluted Class A share before special items is set forth in the Selected Financial Highlights table following the Company Outlook in this release.	
		
(2)   	Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution is defined as net cash provided by operating activities, excluding the additional one-time $65.0 million contribution made by the Company to its U.S. defined benefit plan (the “additional U.S. pension contribution”) during the third quarter of 2018, less cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment. The additional U.S. pension contribution will provide certain tax advantages to the Company as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Reform Act").	

Note: A reconciliation of the differences between all non-GAAP financial measures used in this release with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is included in the financial schedules that are a part of this release. These non-GAAP financial measures are intended to supplement and should be read together with our financial results. They should not be considered an alternative or substitute for, and should not be considered superior to, our reported financial results. Accordingly, users of this financial information should not place undue reliance on these non-GAAP financial measures.

Customer Service
The Company's consolidated CSI 3 score for the third quarter of 2018 improved to 87.4, with the largest improvement again recorded in FPS, which generated a 12 percent improvement versus the prior year quarter. Our objective is that each business segment delivers a CSI score of 95 or better. Our Paper Packaging & Services segment is above that threshold.

We are currently making plans to conduct our next NPS 4 survey and anticipate launching it late in our fiscal 2018 fourth quarter or at the beginning of fiscal 2019. Our aspiration is to consistently achieve an NPS score of 55. We continue to leverage the increased customer interactions that accompany each survey into additional enhancements for our customers and better strategic insight into their business needs.

Segment Results (all results compared to the third quarter of 2017 unless otherwise noted)
Net sales are impacted mainly by the volume of primary products 5 sold, selling prices, product mix and the impact of changes in foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar. The table below shows the percentage impact of each of these items on net sales for our primary products for the third quarter of 2018 as compared to the prior year quarter for the business segments with manufacturing operations:

									
Net Sales Impact - Primary Products	Rigid Industrial
Packaging & 
Services	 	Paper Packaging &
Services	 	Flexible Products
& Services	
 	%	 	%	 	%	
Currency Translation	(0.6	)%	 	—		 	2.7	%	
Volume	(1.2	)%	 	6.6	%	 	7.1	%	
Selling Prices and Product Mix	3.7	 %	 	7.8	%	 	8.9	%	
Total Impact of Primary Products	1.9	 %	 	14.4	%	 	18.7	%	

Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services
Net sales increased by $13.2 million to $687.6 million . Net sales excluding foreign currency translation increased by $17.6 million due primarily to a 3.7 percent increase in selling prices on our primary products as a result of strategic pricing decisions and contractual price changes, partially offset by significantly weaker demand from European agricultural customers due to weather, impacts from events in Brazil and continued value over volume decisions in China.
Gross profit increased by $1.8 million to $138.8 million . The increase in gross profit included a $4.6 million freight expense adjustment and improved manufacturing efficiencies, partially offset by the continuation of rising raw material costs and the timing of contractual pass through arrangements. The $4.6 million freight expense adjustment included the reversal of $2.4 million of fiscal 2018 freight expenses and $2.2 million of freight expenses related to prior periods.
Operating profit decreased by $3.3 million to $62.0 million . Operating profit before special items decreased by $4.1 million to $66.1 million, due to an increase in the segment's selling, general & administrative ("SG&A") expense. The prior year third quarter results included a value-added tax refund of $2.9 million related to the resolution of a Brazilian tax issue originating in 1991.
Paper Packaging & Services
Net sales increased by $29.7 million to $236.0 million . The increase was due to higher selling prices resulting from increases in published containerboard pricing, higher volumes and stronger specialty sales.
Gross profit increased by $25.8 million to $59.5 million . The increase in gross profit was primarily due to higher containerboard prices and lower old corrugated container input costs, partially offset by an increase in transportation costs.
Operating profit increased by $24.7 million to $44.1 million . Operating profit before special items increased by $24.8 million to $44.4 million due to the same factors that impacted gross profit, partially offset by an increase in the segment's SG&A expense.
Flexible Products & Services
Net sales increased by $8.7 million to $82.6 million . Net sales excluding foreign currency translation increased by $7.1 million due to strategic pricing decisions, product mix and higher volumes.

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Gross profit increased by $3.0 million to $16.7 million due primarily due to the same factors that impacted net sales and improved manufacturing efficiencies.
Operating profit increased by $2.7 million to $5.8 million . Operating profit before special items increased by $3.2 million to $5.8 million . The improvement in operating profit before special items was due primarily to the same factors that impacted gross profit and foreign currency translation.
Land Management
Net sales decreased by $1.3 million to $5.9 million .
Operating profit decreased by $0.6 million to $2.1 million . Operating profit before special items decreased by $0.7 million to $1.4 million .
Dividend Summary
On August 28, 2018, the Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.44 per share of Class A Common Stock and $0.66 per share of Class B Common Stock. Dividends are payable on October 1, 2018, to stockholders of record at the close of business on September 17, 2018.
Tax Summary
During the third quarter, the Company recorded an income tax rate of 26.6 percent and a tax rate excluding the impact of special items of 26.4 percent. The Company continues to expect its tax rate excluding the impact of special items to range between 28.0 and 32.0 percent for fiscal 2018.
As of July 31, 2018, the Company's accounting for the Tax Reform Act is provisional and work is progressing. For example, as it relates to transition tax, the Company continues to analyze the earnings and profits and tax pools of its foreign subsidiaries. The Company has recorded as of that date a provisional estimate for the following items: a provisional tax benefit related to the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities of $69.3 million; and a provisional tax expense as a result of the accrual for the transition tax liability of $35.9 million. Adjustments to the provisional estimates will be recorded and disclosed prospectively during the measurement period and may differ materially from these provisional amounts, due to, among other items, additional analyses, changes in interpretations and assumptions previously made by the Company, new or additional regulatory guidance that may be issued, and actions the Company may take as a result of the Tax Reform Act.
Company Outlook

				
(in millions, except per share amounts)	Fiscal 2018 Outlook Reported at Q2	Fiscal 2018 Outlook Reported at Q3	Comments	
SG&A expense	$395 - $415	No change	N/A	
Interest expense	$50 - $55	No change	N/A	
Other expense, net	$15 - $20	No change	N/A	
Tax rate excluding the impact of special items	28 - 32%	No change	N/A	
Class A earnings per share before special items	$3.45 - $3.70	$3.53 - $3.69	Improved price/cost in containerboard; accelerated FPS performance	
Capital expenditures	$120 - $140	No change	N/A	
Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution	$200 - $220	No change	N/A	
Note: Full year 2018 Class A earnings per share and tax rate guidance on a GAAP basis are not provided in this release due to the potential for one or more of the following, the timing and magnitude of which we are unable to reliably forecast: gains or losses on the disposal of businesses, timberland or properties, plants and equipment, net, non-cash asset impairment charges due to unanticipated changes in the business, restructuring-related activities, non-cash pension settlement charges or acquisition costs, and the income tax effects of these items and other income tax-related events. No reconciliation of the fiscal year 2018 Class A earnings per share before special items guidance or tax rate excluding the impact of special items guidance, both non-GAAP financial measures which exclude gains and losses on the disposal of businesses, timberland and properties, plants and equipment, non-cash pension settlement charges, acquisition costs, restructuring and impairment charges and provisional tax net benefits

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resulting from the Tax Reform Act, is included in this release because, due to the high variability and difficulty in making accurate forecasts and projections of some of the excluded information, together with some of the excluded information not being ascertainable or accessible, we are unable to quantify certain amounts that would be required to be included in the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure without unreasonable efforts. A reconciliation of 2018 free cash flow guidance excluding the additional pension contribution to forecasted net cash provided by operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is included in this release.

		
(3)	Customer satisfaction index (CSI) tracks a variety of internal metrics designed to enhance the customer experience in dealing with Greif.	
		
(4)	Net Promoter Score (NPS) is a survey conducted by a third party that measures how likely a customer is to recommend Greif as a business partner. NPS scores are developed by subtracting the percentage of detractors a business has from the percentage of its promoters.	
		
(5)	Primary products are manufactured steel, plastic and fibre drums; intermediate bulk containers; linerboard, medium, corrugated sheets and corrugated containers; and 1&2 loop and 4 loop flexible intermediate bulk containers.	

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GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
UNAUDITED

	
																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions, except for per share amounts)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Selected Financial Highlights	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales	$	1,012.1		 	$	961.8		 	$	2,886.1		 	$	2,670.1		
Gross profit	217.1		 	187.1		 	584.1		 	532.3		
Gross profit margin	21.5	%	 	19.5	%		20.2	%	 	19.9	%	
Operating profit	114.0		 	90.5		 	267.2		 	237.6		
Operating profit before special items	117.7		 	94.5		 	278.4		 	246.1		
EBITDA (6)	142.2		 	116.1		 	350.1		 	293.5		
EBITDA before special items	146.3		 	121.1		 	361.7		 	327.6		
Net cash provided by operating activities	51.3		 	89.6		 	55.8		 	105.1		
Adjusted net cash provided by operating activities	116.3		 	89.6		 	120.8		 	105.1		
Free cash flow (7)	15.6		 	64.2		 	(36.2	)	 	40.0		
Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution	80.6		 	64.2		 	28.8		 	40.0		
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.	67.7		 	43.9		 	169.3		 	85.3		
Diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc.	$	1.15		 	$	0.74		 	$	2.88		 	$	1.45		
Diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. before special items	$	1.20		 	$	0.85		 	$	2.45		 	$	1.97		
Special items	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Restructuring charges	$	3.7		 	$	3.9		 	$	13.8		 	$	8.7		
Acquisition-related costs	0.5		 	—		 	0.7		 	—		
Non-cash asset impairment charges	0.8		 	2.0		 	4.1		 	5.9		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	1.0		 	0.4		 	25.6		
Gain on disposal of properties, plants and equipment and businesses, net	(1.3	)	 	(1.9	)	 	(7.4	)	 	(6.1	)	
Provisional tax net benefit resulting from the Tax Reform Act	—		 	—		 	(33.4	)	 	—		
Total special items	$	4.1		 	$	5.0		 	$	(21.8	)	 	$	34.1		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	July 31, 2018	 	October 31, 2017	 	July 31, 2017	 	October 31, 2016	
Operating working capital (8)	$	394.0		 	$	327.3		 	$	395.6		 	$	304.6		
(6) EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization.
(7) Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities less cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment.
(8) Operating working capital is defined as trade accounts receivable plus inventories less accounts payable.

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Conference Call
The Company will host a conference call to discuss the third quarter of 2018 results on August 30, 2018, at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time (ET). To participate, domestic callers should call 833-231-8265. The Greif ID is 4580819. The number for international callers is +1-647-689-4110. Phone lines will open at 8:00 a.m. ET. The conference call will also be available through a live webcast, including slides, which can be accessed at http://investor.greif.com by clicking on the Events and Presentations tab and searching under the events calendar. A replay of the conference call will be available on the Company’s website approximately two hours following the call.
About Greif
Greif is a global leader in industrial packaging products and services and is pursuing its vision to become the world’s best performing customer service company in industrial packaging. The Company produces steel, plastic, fibre, flexible, corrugated, and reconditioned containers, intermediate bulk containers, containerboard and packaging accessories, and provides filling, packaging and industrial packaging reconditioning services for a wide range of industries. Greif also manages timber properties in the southeastern United States. The Company is strategically positioned with production facilities in over 40 countries to serve global as well as regional customers. Additional information is on the Company’s website at www.greif.com.

Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “aspiration,” “objective,” “project,” “believe,” “continue,” “on track” or “target” or the negative thereof and similar expressions, among others, identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based on assumptions, expectations and other information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, whether expressed or implied. The most significant of these risks and uncertainties are described in Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2017 . The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements have a reasonable basis, the Company can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, whether expressed in or implied by the statements. Such risks and uncertainties that might cause a difference include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) historically, our business has been sensitive to changes in general economic or business conditions, (ii) we may not successfully implement our business strategies, including achieving our growth objectives, (iii) our operations subject us to currency exchange and political risks that could adversely affect our results of operations, (iv) the current and future challenging global economy and disruption and volatility of the financial and credit markets may adversely affect our business, (v) the continuing consolidation of our customer base and suppliers may intensify pricing pressure, (vi) we operate in highly competitive industries, (vii) our business is sensitive to changes in industry demands, (viii) raw material and energy price fluctuations and shortages may adversely impact our manufacturing operations and costs, (ix) geopolitical conditions, including direct or indirect acts of war or terrorism, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results, (x) we may encounter difficulties arising from acquisitions, (xi) in connection with acquisitions or divestitures, we may become subject to liabilities, (xii) we may incur additional restructuring costs and there is no guarantee that our efforts to reduce costs will be successful, (xiii) we could be subject to changes in our tax rates, the adoption of new U.S. of foreign tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities, (xiv) full realization of our deferred tax assets may be affected by a number of factors, (xv) several operations are conducted by joint ventures that we cannot operate solely for our benefit, (xvi) certain of the agreements that govern our joint ventures provide our partners with put or call options, (xvii) our ability to attract, develop and retain talented and qualified employees, managers and executives is critical to our success, (xviii) our business may be adversely impacted by work stoppages and other labor relations matters, (xix) we may not successfully identify illegal immigrants in our workforce, (xx) our pension and postretirement plans are underfunded and will require future cash contributions and our required future cash contributions could be higher than we expect, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity, (xxi) we may be subject to losses that might not be covered in whole or in part by existing insurance reserves or insurance coverage, (xxii) our business depends on the uninterrupted operations of our facilities, systems and business functions, including our information technology (IT) and other business systems, (xxiii) a security breach of customer, employee, supplier or Company information may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, (xxiv) legislation/regulation related to environmental and health and safety matters and corporate social responsibility could negatively impact our operations and financial performance, (xxv) product liability claims and other legal proceedings could adversely affect our operations and financial performance, (xxvi) we may incur fines or penalties, damage to our reputation or other adverse consequences if our

7

employees, agents or business partners violate, or are alleged to have violated, anti-bribery, competition or other laws, (xxvii) changing climate, climate change regulations and greenhouse gas effects may adversely affect our operations and financial performance, (xxviii) the frequency and volume of our timber and timberland sales will impact our financial performance, (xxix) changes in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) and SEC rules and regulations could materially impact our reported results, (xxx) if the Company fails to maintain an effective system of internal control, the Company may not be able to accurately report financial results or prevent fraud, and (xxxi) the Company has a significant amount of goodwill and long-lived assets which, if impaired in the future, would adversely impact our results of operations. The risks described above are not all-inclusive, and given these and other possible risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. For a detailed discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, see “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our most recently filed Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements made in this news release are expressly qualified in their entirety by reference to such risk factors. Except to the limited extent required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

8

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions, except per share amounts)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net sales	$	1,012.1		 	$	961.8		 	$	2,886.1		 	$	2,670.1		
Cost of products sold	795.0		 	774.7		 	2,302.0		 	2,137.8		
Gross profit	217.1		 	187.1		 	584.1		 	532.3		
Selling, general and administrative expenses	99.9		 	92.6		 	306.4		 	286.2		
Restructuring charges	3.7		 	3.9		 	13.8		 	8.7		
Non-cash asset impairment charges	0.8		 	2.0		 	4.1		 	5.9		
Gain on disposal of properties, plants and equipment, net	(1.4	)	 	(1.1	)	 	(7.5	)	 	(3.9	)	
(Gain) loss on disposal of businesses, net	0.1		 	(0.8	)	 	0.1		 	(2.2	)	
Operating profit	114.0		 	90.5		 	267.2		 	237.6		
Interest expense, net	12.1		 	13.7		 	38.4		 	46.7		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	1.0		 	0.4		 	25.6		
Other expense, net	4.8		 	1.4		 	15.0		 	8.2		
Income before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net	96.7		 	74.4		 	213.4		 	157.1		
Income tax expense	25.7		 	27.2		 	31.2		 	62.0		
Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	(1.0	)	 	(0.3	)	 	(1.8	)	 	(0.3	)	
Net income	72.0		 	47.5		 	184.0		 	95.4		
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(4.3	)	 	(3.6	)	 	(14.7	)	 	(10.1	)	
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.	$	67.7		 	$	43.9		 	$	169.3		 	$	85.3		
Basic earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class A Common Stock	$	1.15		 	$	0.74		 	$	2.88		 	$	1.45		
Class B Common Stock	$	1.72		 	$	1.12		 	$	4.31		 	$	2.17		
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class A Common Stock	$	1.15		 	$	0.74		 	$	2.88		 	$	1.45		
Class B Common Stock	$	1.72		 	$	1.12		 	$	4.31		 	$	2.17		
Shares used to calculate basic earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class A Common Stock	25.9		 	25.8		 	25.9		 	25.8		
Class B Common Stock	22.0		 	22.0		 	22.0		 	22.0		
Shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class A Common Stock	25.9		 	25.8		 	25.9		 	25.8		
Class B Common Stock	22.0		 	22.0		 	22.0		 	22.0		

9

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
UNAUDITED

								
(in millions)	July 31, 2018	 	October 31, 2017	
ASSETS	 	 	 	
CURRENT ASSETS	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	$	100.9		 	$	142.3		
Trade accounts receivable	469.2		 	447.0		
Inventories	334.4		 	279.5		
Other current assets	170.7		 	125.7		
 	1,075.2		 	994.5		
LONG-TERM ASSETS	 	 	 	
Goodwill	785.5		 	785.4		
Intangible assets	85.3		 	98.0		
Assets held by special purpose entities	50.9		 	50.9		
Other long-term assets	120.9		 	115.1		
 	1,042.6		 	1,049.4		
PROPERTIES, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT	1,181.6		 	1,188.4		
 	$	3,299.4		 	$	3,232.3		
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	 	 	 	
CURRENT LIABILITIES	 	 	 	
Accounts payable	$	409.6		 	$	399.2		
Short-term borrowings	5.5		 	14.5		
Current portion of long-term debt	15.0		 	15.0		
Other current liabilities	250.1		 	259.2		
 	680.2		 	687.9		
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES	 	 	 	
Long-term debt	1,020.1		 	937.8		
Liabilities held by special purpose entities	43.3		 	43.3		
Other long-term liabilities	363.8		 	484.3		
 	1,427.2		 	1,465.4		
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS	34.6		 	31.5		
EQUITY	 	 	 	
Total Greif, Inc. equity	1,115.2		 	1,010.9		
Noncontrolling interests	42.2		 	36.6		
 	1,157.4		 	1,047.5		
 	$	3,299.4		 	$	3,232.3		

10

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	$	72.0		 	$	47.5		 	$	184.0		 	$	95.4		
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	32.4		 	27.7		 	96.5		 	89.4		
Asset impairments	0.8		 	2.0		 	4.1		 	5.9		
Pension settlement loss	0.4		 	1.0		 	0.4		 	25.6		
Other non-cash adjustments to net income	(4.2	)	 	(1.1	)	 	(77.3	)	 	(9.9	)	
Operating working capital changes	12.9		 	(3.8	)	 	(72.3	)	 	(96.1	)	
Deferred purchase price on sold receivables	(7.5	)	 	(9.1	)	 	(32.3	)	 	(30.8	)	
Increase (decrease) in cash from changes in other assets and liabilities	(55.5	)	 	25.4		 	(47.3	)	 	25.6		
Net cash provided by operating activities	51.3			89.6			55.8			105.1		
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Purchases of properties, plants and equipment	(35.7	)	 	(25.4	)	 	(92.0	)	 	(65.1	)	
Purchases of and investments in timber properties	(1.7	)	 	(1.9	)	 	(6.6	)	 	(7.3	)	
Proceeds from the sale of properties, plants and equipment, businesses, timberland and other assets	3.0		 	5.7		 	12.9		 	13.8		
Proceeds on insurance recoveries	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.4		
Net cash used in investing activities	(34.4	)		(21.6	)		(85.7	)		(58.2	)	
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Proceeds from (payments on) debt, net	4.6		 	(38.2	)	 	69.5		 	27.3		
Dividends paid to Greif, Inc. shareholders	(24.7	)	 	(24.7	)	 	(74.0	)	 	(73.9	)	
Other	(1.1	)	 	(0.6	)	 	(4.5	)	 	(4.1	)	
Net cash used in financing activities	(21.2	)		(63.5	)		(9.0	)		(50.7	)	
Reclassification of cash to assets held for sale	—		 	0.4		 	—		 	(5.5	)	
Effects of exchange rates on cash	(3.0	)	 	2.7		 	(2.5	)	 	0.2		
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(7.3	)	 	7.6		 	(41.4	)	 	(9.1	)	
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	108.2		 	87.0		 	142.3		 	103.7		
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	100.9			$	94.6			$	100.9			$	94.6		

11

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS BY SEGMENT
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	687.6		 	$	674.4		 	$	1,965.7		 	$	1,860.2		
Paper Packaging & Services	236.0		 	206.3		 	653.7		 	577.9		
Flexible Products & Services	82.6		 	73.9		 	246.7		 	210.2		
Land Management	5.9		 	7.2		 	20.0		 	21.8		
Total net sales	$	1,012.1			$	961.8			$	2,886.1			$	2,670.1		
Gross profit:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	138.8		 	$	137.0		 	$	374.1		 	$	383.3		
Paper Packaging & Services	59.5		 	33.7		 	152.7		 	101.9		
Flexible Products & Services	16.7		 	13.7		 	49.5		 	39.1		
Land Management	2.1		 	2.7		 	7.8		 	8.0		
Total gross profit	$	217.1		 	$	187.1		 	$	584.1		 	$	532.3		
Operating profit:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	62.0		 	$	65.3		 	$	140.4		 	$	164.2		
Paper Packaging & Services	44.1		 	19.4		 	105.0		 	59.7		
Flexible Products & Services	5.8		 	3.1		 	14.0		 	5.5		
Land Management	2.1		 	2.7		 	7.8		 	8.2		
Total operating profit	$	114.0			$	90.5			$	267.2			$	237.6		
EBITDA (9) :	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	78.3		 	$	80.3		 	$	189.1		 	$	198.5		
Paper Packaging & Services	52.8		 	26.9		 	129.9		 	73.4		
Flexible Products & Services	7.8		 	4.9		 	20.0		 	9.7		
Land Management	3.3		 	4.0		 	11.1		 	11.9		
Total EBITDA	$	142.2			$	116.1			$	350.1			$	293.5		
EBITDA before special items:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	82.8		 	$	85.8		 	$	202.4		 	$	223.5		
Paper Packaging & Services	53.1		 	27.5		 	130.2		 	83.9		
Flexible Products & Services	7.8		 	4.4		 	20.3		 	10.6		
Land Management	2.6		 	3.4		 	8.8		 	9.6		
Total EBITDA before special items	$	146.3			$	121.1			$	361.7			$	327.6		
(9) EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. However, because the Company does not calculate net income by segment, this table calculates EBITDA by segment with reference to operating profit by segment, which, as demonstrated in the table of Consolidated EBITDA, is another method to achieve the same result. See the reconciliations in the table of Segment EBITDA.

12

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION
UNAUDITED

	
																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United States	$	506.0		 	$	463.7		 	$	1,402.2		 	$	1,306.2		
Europe, Middle East and Africa	372.6		 	359.4		 	1,074.6		 	970.8		
Asia Pacific and other Americas	133.5		 	138.7		 	409.3		 	393.1		
Total net sales	$	1,012.1		 	$	961.8		 	$	2,886.1		 	$	2,670.1		
Gross profit:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United States	$	125.6		 	$	97.4		 	$	323.9		 	$	277.1		
Europe, Middle East and Africa	69.9		 	65.9		 	198.7		 	189.5		
Asia Pacific and other Americas	21.6		 	23.8		 	61.5		 	65.7		
Total gross profit	$	217.1		 	$	187.1		 	$	584.1		 	$	532.3		

13

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
OPERATING WORKING CAPITAL
UNAUDITED

								
(in millions)	July 31, 2018	 	October 31, 2017	
Trade accounts receivable	$	469.2		 	$	447.0		
Plus: inventories	334.4		 	279.5		
Less: accounts payable	409.6		 	399.2		
Operating working capital	$	394.0			$	327.3		

14

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
CONSOLIDATED EBITDA (10)  
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net income	$	72.0		 	$	47.5		 	$	184.0		 	$	95.4		
Plus: Interest expense, net	12.1		 	13.7		 	38.4		 	46.7		
Plus: Income tax expense	25.7		 	27.2		 	31.2		 	62.0		
Plus: Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	32.4		 	27.7		 	96.5		 	89.4		
EBITDA	$	142.2		 	$	116.1		 	$	350.1		 	$	293.5		
Net income	$	72.0		 	$	47.5		 	$	184.0		 	$	95.4		
Plus: Interest expense, net	12.1		 	13.7		 	38.4		 	46.7		
Plus: Income tax expense	25.7		 	27.2		 	31.2		 	62.0		
Plus: Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	1.0		 	0.4		 	25.6		
Plus: Other expense, net	4.8		 	1.4		 	15.0		 	8.2		
Plus: Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	(1.0	)	 	(0.3	)	 	(1.8	)	 	(0.3	)	
Operating profit	114.0		 	90.5		 	267.2		 	237.6		
Less: Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	1.0		 	0.4		 	25.6		
Less: Other expense, net	4.8		 	1.4		 	15.0		 	8.2		
Less: Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	(1.0	)	 	(0.3	)	 	(1.8	)	 	(0.3	)	
Plus: Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	32.4		 	27.7		 	96.5		 	89.4		
EBITDA	$	142.2		 	$	116.1		 	$	350.1		 	$	293.5		
(10) EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. As demonstrated in this table, EBITDA can also be calculated with reference to operating profit.

15

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SEGMENT EBITDA (11)  
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit	$	62.0		 	$	65.3		 	$	140.4		 	$	164.2		
Less: Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	0.6		 	0.4		 	15.3		
Less: Other expense, net	4.8		 	1.5		 	14.9		 	7.4		
Less: Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	(1.0	)	 	(0.3	)	 	(1.8	)	 	(0.3	)	
Plus: Depreciation and amortization expense	20.5		 	16.8		 	62.2		 	56.7		
EBITDA	$	78.3			$	80.3		 	$	189.1			$	198.5		
Restructuring charges	3.3		 	3.7		 	13.1		 	7.6		
Acquisition-related costs	0.5		 	—		 	0.7		 	—		
Non-cash asset impairment charges	0.8		 	2.0		 	4.1		 	5.6		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	0.6		 	0.4		 	15.3		
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment, and businesses, net	(0.5	)	 	(0.8	)	 	(5.0	)	 	(3.5	)	
EBITDA before special items	$	82.8		 	$	85.8		 	$	202.4		 	$	223.5		
Paper Packaging & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit	$	44.1		 	$	19.4		 	$	105.0		 	$	59.7		
Less: Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	0.4		 	—		 	10.1		
Less: Other expense, net	0.2		 	(0.1	)	 	0.7		 	(0.1	)	
Plus: Depreciation and amortization expense	8.9		 	7.8		 	25.6		 	23.7		
EBITDA	$	52.8			$	26.9		 	$	129.9		 	$	73.4		
Restructuring charges	0.3		 	—		 	0.3		 	0.3		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	0.4		 	—		 	10.1		
Loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment, net	—		 	0.2		 	—		 	0.1		
EBITDA before special items	$	53.1		 	$	27.5		 	$	130.2		 	$	83.9		
Flexible Products & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit	$	5.8		 	$	3.1		 	$	14.0		 	$	5.5		
Less: Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.1		
Less: Other (income) expense, net	(0.2	)	 	—		 	(0.6	)	 	0.9		
Plus: Depreciation and amortization expense	1.8		 	1.8		 	5.4		 	5.2		
EBITDA	$	7.8			$	4.9		 	$	20.0		 	$	9.7		
Restructuring charges	0.1		 	0.2		 	0.4		 	0.8		
Non-cash asset impairment charges	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.1		
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	(0.1	)	 	(0.7	)	 	(0.1	)	 	(0.3	)	
EBITDA before special items	$	7.8		 	$	4.4		 	$	20.3		 	$	10.6		
Land Management	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit	$	2.1		 	$	2.7		 	$	7.8		 	$	8.2		
Less: Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.1		
Plus: Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	1.2		 	1.3		 	3.3		 	3.8		
EBITDA	$	3.3		 	$	4.0		 	$	11.1		 	$	11.9		
Non-cash pension settlement charge	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.1		
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment, net	(0.7	)	 	(0.6	)	 	(2.3	)	 	(2.4	)	
EBITDA before special items	$	2.6		 	$	3.4		 	$	8.8		 	$	9.6		
Consolidated EBITDA	$	142.2		 	$	116.1		 	$	350.1		 	$	293.5		
Consolidated EBITDA before special items	$	146.3		 	$	121.1		 	$	361.7		 	$	327.6		

16

(11) EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. However, because the Company does not calculate net income by segment, this table calculates EBITDA by segment with reference to operating profit by segment, which, as demonstrated in the table of Consolidated EBITDA, is another method to achieve the same result.

17

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
FREE CASH FLOW
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	51.3		 	$	89.6		 	$	55.8		 	$	105.1		
Cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment	(35.7	)	 	(25.4	)	 	(92.0	)	 	(65.1	)	
Free cash flow	$	15.6		 	$	64.2		 	$	(36.2	)	 	$	40.0		
GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
FREE CASH FLOW EXCLUDING THE ADDITIONAL U.S. PENSION CONTRIBUTION
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	51.3		 	$	89.6		 	$	55.8		 	$	105.1		
Additional U.S. pension contribution	65.0		 	—		 	65.0		 	—		
Adjusted net cash provided by operating activities (12)	$	116.3			$	89.6			$	120.8			$	105.1		
Cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment	(35.7	)	 	(25.4	)	 	(92.0	)	 	(65.1	)	
Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution	$	80.6			$	64.2			$	28.8			$	40.0		
(12) Adjusted net cash provided by operating activities is defined as net cash provided by operating activities excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution.

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
PROJECTED 2018 GUIDANCE RECONCILIATION
FREE CASH FLOW EXCLUDING THE ADDITIONAL U.S. PENSION CONTRIBUTION
UNAUDITED

								
 	Fiscal 2018 Guidance Range	
(in millions)	Scenario 1	 	Scenario 2	
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	255.0			$	295.0		
Additional U.S. pension contribution	65.0		 	65.0		
Adjusted net cash provided by operating activities	320.0		 	360.0		
Cash paid for purchases of properties, plants and equipment	(120.0	)	 	(140.0	)	
Free cash flow excluding the additional U.S. pension contribution	$	200.0		 	$	220.0		

18

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SEGMENT OPERATING PROFIT BEFORE SPECIAL ITEMS (13)  
UNAUDITED

																
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	Nine months ended July 31,	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	2018	 	2017	
Operating profit:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	62.0		 	$	65.3		 	$	140.4		 	$	164.2		
Paper Packaging & Services	44.1		 	19.4		 	105.0		 	59.7		
Flexible Products & Services	5.8		 	3.1		 	14.0		 	5.5		
Land Management	2.1		 	2.7		 	7.8		 	8.2		
Total operating profit	$	114.0		 	$	90.5		 	$	267.2		 	$	237.6		
Restructuring charges:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	3.3		 	$	3.7		 	$	13.1		 	$	7.6		
Paper Packaging & Services	0.3		 	—		 	0.3		 	0.3		
Flexible Products & Services	0.1		 	0.2		 	0.4		 	0.8		
Total restructuring charges	$	3.7		 	$	3.9		 	$	13.8		 	$	8.7		
Acquisition-related costs:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	0.5		 	$	—		 	$	0.7		 	$	—		
Total acquisition-related costs	$	0.5		 	$	—		 	$	0.7		 	$	—		
Non-cash asset impairment charges:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	0.8		 	$	2.0		 	$	4.1		 	$	5.6		
Flexible Products & Services	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		
Total non-cash asset impairment charges	$	0.8		 	$	2.0		 	$	4.1		 	$	5.9		
(Gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	(0.5	)	 	$	(0.8	)	 	$	(5.0	)	 	$	(3.5	)	
Paper Packaging & Services	—		 	0.2		 	—		 	0.1		
Flexible Products & Services	(0.1	)	 	(0.7	)	 	(0.1	)	 	(0.3	)	
Land Management	(0.7	)	 	(0.6	)	 	(2.3	)	 	(2.4	)	
Total gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	$	(1.3	)	 	$	(1.9	)	 	$	(7.4	)	 	$	(6.1	)	
Operating profit before special items:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	$	66.1		 	$	70.2			$	153.3			$	173.9		
Paper Packaging & Services	44.4		 	19.6			105.3			60.1		
Flexible Products & Services	5.8		 	2.6			14.3			6.3		
Land Management	1.4		 	2.1			5.5			5.8		
Total operating profit before special items	$	117.7		 	$	94.5			$	278.4			$	246.1		
(13) Operating profit before special items is defined as operating profit, plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus non-cash impairment charges, less gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net.

19

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
NET INCOME, CLASS A EARNINGS PER SHARE AND TAX RATE BEFORE SPECIAL ITEMS
UNAUDITED

																											
(in millions, except for per share amounts)	Income before Income Tax (Benefit) Expense and Equity Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates, net	 	Income Tax (Benefit) Expense	 	Equity Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates	 	Non-Controlling Interest	 	Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc.	 	Diluted Class A Earnings Per Share	 	Tax Rate	
Three months ended July 31, 2018	$	96.7		 	$	25.7		 	$	(1.0	)	 	$	4.3		 	$	67.7		 	$	1.15		 	26.6	%	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	(1.3	)	 	(0.2	)	 	—		 	—		 	(1.1	)	 	(0.02	)	 			
Restructuring charges	3.7		 	0.9		 	—		 	—		 	2.8		 	0.04		 			
Acquisition-related costs	0.5		 	0.1		 	—		 	—		 	0.4		 	0.01		 			
Non-cash asset impairment charges	0.8		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.8		 	0.02		 			
Non-cash pension settlement	0.4		 	0.1		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		 	—		 	 	
Excluding Special Items	$	100.8		 	$	26.6		 	$	(1.0	)	 	$	4.3		 	$	70.9		 	$	1.20		 	26.4	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Three months ended July 31, 2017	$	74.4		 	$	27.2		 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	3.6		 	$	43.9		 	$	0.74		 	36.6	%	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	(1.9	)	 	(1.3	)	 	—		 	(0.3	)	 	(0.3	)	 	—		 	 	
Restructuring charges	3.9		 	0.5		 	—		 	0.1		 	3.3		 	0.06		 	 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	2.0		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	2.0		 	0.04		 	 	
Non-cash pension settlement charge	1.0		 	0.2		 	—		 	—		 	0.8		 	0.01		 	 	
Excluding Special Items	$	79.4		 	$	26.6			$	(0.3	)		$	3.4			$	49.7			$	0.85		 	33.5	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nine months ended July 31, 2018	$	213.4		 	$	31.2		 	$	(1.8	)	 	$	14.7		 	$	169.3		 	$	2.88		 	14.6	%	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	(7.4	)	 	(0.9	)	 	—		 	—		 	(6.5	)	 	(0.11	)	 	 	
Restructuring charges	13.8		 	2.8		 	—		 	0.2		 	10.8		 	0.18		 	 	
Acquisition-related costs	0.7		 	0.2		 	—		 	—		 	0.5		 	0.01		 	 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	4.1		 	0.7		 	—		 	—		 	3.4		 	0.06		 	 	
Non-cash pension settlement charge	0.4		 	0.1		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		 	—		 	 	
Provisional tax net benefit resulting from the Tax Reform Act	—		 	33.4		 	—		 	—		 	(33.4	)	 	(0.57	)	 	 	
Excluding Special Items	$	225.0		 	$	67.5		 	$	(1.8	)	 	$	14.9		 	$	144.4		 	$	2.45		 	30.0	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nine months ended July 31, 2017	$	157.1		 	$	62.0		 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	10.1		 	$	85.3		 	$	1.45		 	39.5	%	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	(6.1	)	 	(2.3	)	 	—		 	—		 	(3.8	)	 	(0.06	)	 	 	
Restructuring charges	8.7		 	(2.3	)	 	—		 	0.4		 	10.6		 	0.18		 	 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	5.9		 	—		 	—		 	0.1		 	5.8		 	0.10		 	 	
Non-cash pension settlement charge	25.6		 	8.1		 	—		 	—		 	17.5		 	0.30		 	 	
Excluding Special Items	$	191.2		 	$	65.5		 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	10.6		 	$	115.4		 	$	1.97		 	34.3	%	

20

The impact of income tax expense and non-controlling interest on each special item is calculated based on tax rates and ownership percentages specific to each applicable entity. Included in the nine months ended July 31, 2017 restructuring charges special item is a $4.4 million income tax charge due to a change in assertions related to unremitted foreign earnings as a result of the restructuring of our intercompany debt portfolio.

21

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
NET SALES TO NET SALES EXCLUDING THE IMPACT OF
CURRENCY TRANSLATION
UNAUDITED

	
															
 	Three months ended July 31,	 	 	 	 	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	Increase in
Net Sales ($)	 	Increase in
Net Sales (%)	
Consolidated	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	1,012.1		 	$	961.8		 	$	50.3		 	5.2	%	
Currency Translation	2.8		 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	1,014.9		 	$	961.8		 	$	53.1		 	5.5	%	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	687.6		 	$	674.4		 	$	13.2		 	2.0	%	
Currency Translation	4.4		 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	692.0		 	$	674.4		 	$	17.6		 	2.6	%	
Flexible Products & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	82.6		 	$	73.9		 	$	8.7		 	11.8	%	
Currency Translation	(1.6	)	 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	81.0		 	$	73.9		 	$	7.1		 	9.6	%	

															
 	Nine months ended July 31,	 	 	 	 	
(in millions)	2018	 	2017	 	Increase in
Net Sales ($)	 	Increase in
Net Sales (%)	
Consolidated	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	2,886.1		 	$	2,670.1		 	$	216.0		 	8.1	%	
Currency Translation	(68.8	)	 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	2,817.3		 	$	2,670.1		 	$	147.2		 	5.5	%	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	1,965.7		 	$	1,860.2		 	$	105.5		 	5.7	%	
Currency Translation	(53.0	)	 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	1,912.7		 	$	1,860.2		 	$	52.5		 	2.8	%	
Flexible Products & Services	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Sales	$	246.7		 	$	210.2		 	$	36.5		 	17.4	%	
Currency Translation	(15.8	)	 	N/A		 	 	 	 	
Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Currency Translation	$	230.9		 	$	210.2		 	$	20.7		 	9.8	%	

22

C O R P O R A T E P A R T I C I P A N T S

Matt Eichmann, Vice President, Investor Relations & Corporate Communications

Pete Watson, President & Chief Executive Officer

Larry Hilsheimer, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

C O N F E R E N C E C A L L P A R T I C I P A N T S

Gabe Hajde, Wells Fargo

George Staphos, Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Adam Josephson, KeyBanc Capital Markets

Justin Bergner, Gabelli & Company

Steve Chercover, D.A. Davidson

Dan Jacome, Sidoti & Company

P R E S E N T A T I O N

Operator:

Good morning. My name is Kelly and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Greif Incorporated Third Quarter 2018 Earnings Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers’ remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, please press the pound key. Thank you.

Matt Eichmann, you may begin your conference.

Matt Eichmann:

Thank you, Kelly. Good morning everyone. Welcome to Greif’s Third Quarter Fiscal 2018 Earnings Conference Call. On the call today are Pete Watson, Greif’s President and Chief Executive Officer, and Larry Hilsheimer, Greif’s Chief Financial Officer. Pete and Larry are available to answer questions at the end of today’s call. In accordance with Regulation Fair Disclosure, we encourage you to ask questions regarding issues that you consider material because we are prohibited from discussing significant non-public items with you on an individual basis. Please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up before returning to the queue.

Please turn to Slide 2.

As a reminder, during today’s call, we will make forward-looking statements involving plans, expectations and beliefs related to future events. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed. Additionally, we’ll be referencing certain non-GAAP financial metrics, and reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP metrics is contained in the appendix of today’s presentation.

Now, I turn the presentation over to Pete, on Slide 3.

Pete Watson:

Thank you, Matt, and good morning everyone. I’ll begin today’s call by providing a summary level review of our quarter, and then our CFO Larry Hilsheimer will expand on our financial results and discuss our outlook, and after prepared remarks we’ll conduct a question and answer period.

Let me start with the key takeaways. Our trailing 12-quarter customer satisfaction index score improved both year-over-year and quarter-over-quarter and continues to be led by consistent performance in Paper Packaging and by significant improvement in our Flexible Products and Services segment. Our operating profit before special items and Class A earnings per share before special items rose by 25% and 41%, respectively, versus the prior year quarter driven by our strong demand and favorable pricing dynamics in our Paper Packaging and Flexible Products and Services segment.

Transportation still remains a significant headwind and our Paper Packaging business overcame a $4.6 million headwind during the quarter.

Rigid Industrial Packaging continues to face trucking constraints but the financial impact was mitigated this quarter by a freight expense adjustment.

Finally, we increased and narrowed our Fiscal 2018 Class A earnings per share before Special Items guidance range. We’re also pleased to announce that our Board of Directors approved an increase to our quarterly dividend. The new dividend payable in October of 2018 pays $0.44 per share for a Class A common stock, and $0.66 per share for Class B common stock, and is consistent with our philosophy of returning capital to our shareholders.

Please turn to Slide 4.

RIPS third quarter was impacted by the continuation of raw material headwinds as the segment consolidated volumes were lower versus the prior year quarter, but this view is distorted by three isolated challenges. First, we experienced lower volumes in Southern Europe from a weak ag season due to extreme weather conditions. Second, we dealt with operational challenges in Brazil, including the impacts of a truckers strike. And third, we continue to experience a hypercompetitive market in China. I’ll touch more on these areas in a moment but excluding discrete challenges in Southern Europe only, steel volumes were up nearly 2% year-over-year with robust volume demands seen in North America, the Middle East and North Africa, Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe.

RIPS third quarter sales were roughly $13 million higher year-over-year due to higher selling prices stemming from contractual price increases and strategic pricing. RIPS gross profit was slightly higher versus the prior year quarter as a result of higher sales, improved manufacturing efficiencies and the freight expense adjustment previously mentioned. These tailwinds were partially offset by higher depreciation related to new projects and by significant raw material inflation. In EMEA, raw material costs per steel unit were up 4.8% versus the prior year quarter and in North America they were up 9.7% versus the prior year quarter and 4.1% versus second quarter of 2018. We continue to pass these costs along via our contractual arrangements, albeit through a three to four month lag. Full recovery will continue to lag until costs stabilize.

RIPS operating profit before Special Items decreased by roughly $4 million versus the prior year. This slightly higher gross profit was offset by an increase in SG&A expense. The segment also encountered a $4.8 million FX headwind versus the prior year quarter related primarily to Argentina.

In North America, volumes were strong. Third quarter intermediate bulk container increased 26% and steel [drum] volumes were up 5% versus the prior year quarter. Latin American steel drum volumes were down 4.8% versus the prior year quarter with the bulk of that shortfall in Brazil due to the truckers strike and operational challenges at our largest plant in country.

In EMEA, intermediate bulk container volumes grew by almost 21% while steel drum volumes were down 3.5% versus the prior year quarter. The shortfall in steel drum volumes was predominantly caused by the reduction in conical steel drum volumes related to a lack of rain and extreme weather in Southern Europe, which impacted our agricultural customers. Elsewhere in EMEA, steel drum demand was robust, including an 8.5% increase in demand in Eastern Europe, and a double digit increase in the Middle East and North Africa versus the prior year. We also commenced production at two new facilities during the quarter; our Kaluga steel drum plant in Russia, and a new IBC facility in Spain. Both are expected to ramp up over the remainder of the year.

In APAC, third quarter steel volume fell roughly 4% year-over-year. The shortfall was in China where we continue to experience competitive market conditions and make strategic pricing decisions aligned to value over volume. To a lesser extent, steel drum demand in China was negatively impacted by an unexpected customer shutdown for maintenance. We expect to finalize our go-forward strategy in China over the next several months.

Elsewhere in APAC, Southeast Asia steel drum demand remained solid with volumes increasing 5.6% versus the prior year.

Please turn to Slide 5.

Paper Packaging delivered an exceptional third quarter with improved sales margins and profit. PPS generated third quarter revenue of $236 million thanks to higher selling prices, higher specialty sales and strong unit growth. Our CorrChoice Network shipments were up 5.7% and outpaced the industry by 420 basis points on a per day basis year-over-year.

Third quarter operating profit before Special Items grew by nearly $25 million versus the prior year quarter, driven by containerboard price increases, favorable OCC costs, strong unit volume growth and increases in Specialty Product sales.

Transportation costs remain elevated and the segment faced a $4.6 million transportation headwind during the quarter, but mostly it was offset through a mix of Greif business system efficiencies.

Please turn to Slide 6.

Flexible Products and Services continue to demonstrate sustainable improvement with sales up 9.6% versus the prior year on a currency neutral basis, while gross profit rose 22% versus the prior year. Higher sales were driven by improved price and product mix management and broad-based volume demand of 7.1% across the segment. Stronger sales and improved manufacturing efficiencies expanded the segment’s gross and operating profit before Special Items by roughly $3 million versus the prior year. Looking ahead, we expect FPS operating performance to trend lower sequentially in the fourth quarter due to planned holidays in Romania and Turkey, and the timing to various fertilizer seasons around the world.

With that, I’ll turn the presentation over to our Chief Financial Officer Larry Hilsheimer.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Thank you, Pete. Good morning everyone. Please turn to Slide 7 to review our third quarter financial results.

Third quarter net sales on a currency-neutral basis were 5.5% higher year-over-year due to strategic pricing decisions, contractual price changes, and year-over-year containerboard price increases.

Third quarter consolidated gross profit grew by 16% versus the prior year quarter due to stronger gross profit performance in our Paper Packaging and Flexible Products and Services segments, partially offset by significantly higher raw material and transportation costs. Speaking of transportation costs, we recorded an expense reduction adjustment of $4.6 million in RIPS; $2.4 million of it related to prior 2018 quarters, $1.7 million related to 2017 and $0.5 million to 2016. This was discovered as we were painstakingly studying our transportation expense for opportunities to address the cost inflation. We discovered in that review that in transition from our prior UFB system in North America to an updated version that one invoice accrual matching process had not been appropriately built in the updated system and we ended up in an over-accrued position. We have corrected the core problem and the expense adjustment gets cumulative freight expense to the correct level.

Gross profit margin increased by 200 basis points versus the prior year quarter, primarily due to strong demand and a favorable price cost environment in Paper Packaging. Stronger performance across Flexible Products and Services and a one-time freight adjustment in Rigids, partially offset by raw material inflation, lower volumes and the timing of contractual pass-through adjustments in that segment.

Third quarter SG&A expense was roughly 8% higher versus the prior year quarter due to higher salaries and benefit costs, professional fees and increased depreciation and amortization related to the ERP implementation. The prior

year comparison is also misleading. Recall we benefited from a one-time $2.9 million tax benefit last year that reduced Latin America’s SG&A expense that did not recur this year. Adjusting for that one-time item, the increase is 4.6%. The salary and benefits increase is partially driven by the previously discussed buildout of our shared service center in preparation for streamlining after completion of our ERP implementation. In addition, we incurred professional fees in tax planning and market profit pool analysis related to our strategic growth and M&A activities.

Third quarter operating profit before Special Items rose by more than $23 million versus the prior year quarter due to the reasons I previously mentioned.

Class A earnings per share before Special Items rose by roughly 41% versus the prior year quarter, thanks to better profitability and lower year-over-year non-GAAP tax rates.

Our year-to-date non-GAAP tax rate now stands at 30%, squarely within the range we previously guided to for Fiscal 2018, and is 430 basis points better than the comparable period thanks to tax planning strategy and tax reform efforts we’ve referenced on previous calls.

Prior to discussing cash flow, I’d like to comment on foreign exchange, which has been a hot topic in the news lately. Greif transacts in more than 25 currencies around the world and at any given time we are long some currencies and short others. Specifically during the quarter, the profitability of our RIPS business in EMEA was negatively impacted by weakness in the Russian ruble and Turkish lira, while the RIPS business in Latin America faced a headwind in the Argentinian peso. The overall FX headwind for RIPS was roughly $4.8 million with roughly $4 million of it attributable to the weakness in the Argentinian peso.

At the consolidated operating profit level, the FX headwinds in RIPS were largely offset by currency impacts in other parts of the business. Netting all of the moving parts, the overall FX impact for the quarter was a minor $1 million headwind versus the prior year.

Finally, third quarter free cash flow, excluding the additional pension contribution of $65 million, was roughly $81 million or $16 million higher than the prior year quarter. Higher free cash flow resulted largely from improved profitability partially offset by higher year-over-year capital expenditures for growth related projects.

Finally, our cash conversion cycle continues to improve despite the current inflationary environment we operate in. Working capital days decreased from roughly 57 days to 54 days on a trailing 12-month basis year-over-year, and have decreased by 9 days since the comparable period in Fiscal 2016.

I’ll now review our updated Fiscal 2018 guidance. Please turn to Slide 8.

We are increasing and narrowing our Fiscal 2018 Class A earnings per share before Special Items guidance range to between $3.53 and $3.69 per share to reflect the RIPS freight adjustment and the stronger performance seen in Paper Packaging and Flexible Products and Services netted against cost inflation pressures we are experiencing. Our capital expenditure and free cash flow guidance are unchanged.

I will close with a final few words on guidance and our key assumptions. First, currency markets remain volatile, but given the breadth of our portfolio we anticipate the FX movements will have an immaterial impact on our financial results for the year, it’s not an area of concern for us.

Second, as it relates to Paper Packaging, we assume OCC costs of $73 a ton for August, $87 a ton for September and $96 a ton for October, in line with the latest RISI forecast.

Third, as Pete mentioned, FPS’s results for the fourth quarter will trend lower than fiscal Q3 but will still represent a significant improvement when compared to Q4 of Fiscal 2017. Please also keep in mind that improvements in FPS are reflected in increased noncontrolling interest.

Finally, and similar to other companies, transportation tightness in North America is impacting our in transit inventory levels. In some cases we are waiting days or even weeks for appropriate trucks or lanes. We are proactively managing this situation to mitigate the impact to ensure that it does not negatively affect free cash flow for the year.

Now let’s turn to capital priorities on Slide 9. A strong balance sheet provides us financial flexibility to maximize value creation. At the end of the quarter, our leverage ratio stood at 2.0, at the low end of our targeted 2 to 2.5 times net

debt to EBITDA range. We intend to maintain our targeted leverage ratio but would consider temporarily exceeding it if a compelling growth opportunity emerges.

We have opportunities to further strengthen our balance sheet in the future. For example, we have $250 million of 7.75% interest rate notes due in August of 2019. Based on current market conditions, we expect to pick up between 200 and 250 basis points when we refinance that debt in 2019. Our capital priorities include investing in organic and inorganic growth opportunities and returning capital to shareholders. Growth investments will be disciplined, guided by our risk adjusted framework and grounded on clear financial and strategic logic. M&A will be selective and aligned to our core competencies. We will continue to return cash to our shareholders through our sustainable dividend and will look to enhance those returns in the absence of compelling growth opportunities.

Now I turn the call back to Pete for his closing comments.

Pete Watson:

Thank you, Larry, and please turn to Slide 10. In closing, we are encouraged by the overall performance of our business. One of the benefits of our global portfolio is exposure to a variety of substrates and markets. Outperformance in some segments helps counter challenges experienced in others. We remain very confident the business will achieve its stated commitments for Fiscal 2018.

Thank you for participating this morning and we appreciate your interest in Greif. Please open the line for questions.

Operator:

Certainly. At this time, I would like to remind everyone in order to ask a question, please press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, please limit to one question and one follow-up.

Your first question comes from the line of Gabriel Hajde from Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead.

Gabe Hajde:

Yes. Congratulations gentlemen and thanks for taking the question.

Pete Watson:

Thanks, Gabe.

Gabe Hajde:

First, kind of want to look at price costs, kind of at a high level in the RIPS segment. Is there a way for you to break out how far the U.S. maybe might be behind by the biggest cost components, which I’m assuming is raws and freight. Then the second part of the question, I’m starting to see some relief on the freight side, at least in some of the indicators that I track. Is there any way to I guess give us a sense for if you’re seeing-I know you talked about tightness in the market, but as it relates to the rates it actually seems like they’re starting to come down a little bit on a sequential basis month-to-month. Any help there would be appreciated.

Pete Watson:

Gabe, I’ll comment on the price cost lag in Rigid Industrial Packaging. The biggest area of catch up is in North America. Anybody seeing the steel cost increase is primarily because of tariffs in the U.S. It’s been on a steady incline. We talked about the increases year-over-year and sequentially from Q2 to Q3. It is starting to mitigate now and we would expect to start seeing catch up in our fourth quarter fiscal year and the first quarter of 2019 to get a more normalized rate of margins. That’s assuming that no other changes in steel costs increase from the time-from now until those times.

In regard to transportation, we still see that as a real challenge, Gabe, it’s availability and really driver shortage, so we hope they start mitigating but we have some specific plans that were in place to manage that, both short term and longer term, and I still think that’s a big challenge to our business and other industrial companies longer term structurally in the transportation realm.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Yes, let me supplement what Pete said. The one thing I would remind everyone is that on these price adjustment mechanisms, most of them are tied to calendar quarters, and we’ve seen that as of the end of June that things had already sort of flattened and turned in Europe and China, but in the U.S., just to give you perspective, if I go back to a year ago, cold rolled basic index was 906; in December it was pretty steady 892, then it went up to 1,025 in March and 1,117 in June. Now, the last two months, July topped a couple of bucks and then it went down in August. If September is flat we should, like Pete said, start to see some recovery toward the end of our fourth quarter as we work through the inventories and have the pricing adjustments kick in after that, but it will predominantly start to come in the first quarter, or should, as long as we don’t see a price spike in September.

Gabe Hajde:

Okay. That’s very helpful. Thank you, gentlemen. Larry, you did mention China, which is kind of where I wanted to go next. Can you frame up for us kind of the current dynamics? I ask sort of in the context of pricing that turned slightly negative this quarter, had been positive for four or five quarters, at least when I look at the data that you provide us. Should we interpret this as Greif responding to the market and starting to defend their turf, or is this more about just raw material movements over there, which I know can differ, as you pointed out, from what we’re seeing here domestically.

Pete Watson:

It’s very insightful, Gabe. As we know, we’ve talked about this over the last several quarters. It’s a hypercompetitive market, mainly from local Chinese competitors. We have a new Commercial team in place. We are responding in some places to protect our turf, but ultimately, our vision and our goals are to create value and operating profit, and we’ve modeled out the various scenarios to determine that balance between volume and margin. Some of that’s around protecting turf, but ultimately-and we’ll have a decision in the next two to three months, on what our newer strategies, how we go to market and what our footprint looks like to combat the current environment, which we see as being more prolonged than short term in terms of competitive profiles in that market.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Gabe, just on that, just giving the end of quarter indexes in China relative to your comment on the pricing. At the end of December, it was 640, then at the end of March it was 620 and the end of June is 608, so yeah, you’re dead spot on; it’s trending that way on the adjustment mechanisms in China.

Operator:

Your next question comes from the line of George Staphos with Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.

George Staphos:

Hi everyone. Good morning. Thanks for all the details. I guess my questions are around RIPS volumes. Pete, I was wondering if we should draw any conclusions from the CSI is really not trending towards your goal; they’ve been somewhat stagnant. Certainly improved versus prior year levels, but should we draw any conclusions from the fact that the CSIs aren’t moving and your volumes have been a little bit weak there? You called out a number of one-off things this quarter and the last couple of quarters there’s always been something in RIPS. Do you think there’s something structural in RIPS that prevents it from putting up more sustained volume growth? Your thoughts there and then I had a follow on.

Pete Watson:

I appreciate the question. I would say no, I think there’s not a structural alignment between our CSI scores and our volumes, and let me tell you why. If you look at discrete businesses within our RIPS business, we have some exceptional performances on CSI. There’s isolated underperforming regions-plants, countries and regions that are dragging that down fairly substantially, but more importantly, when we talk to our customers we get a overgrowing sense that our customers are very happy with the values and the services we deliver, and when you really look at overall-if you take out the discrete-we’ll just take out the one discrete issue which is really the Southern Europe ag sector-our volumes

in EMEA grew 2.2% year-over-year (sic) [2.0% overall globally], which is on the high end of what we expect in terms of organic growth. North America demand was up 5% on steel drums; Southeast Asia is up over 5% and where the gap is was China, as we’ve talked about the competitive situation. In Brazil, we’ve had pretty good growth trends. We just had a controllable issue in Brazil that is in our control operationally that’s a challenge that we’re in the midst of fixing and once we get through that I expect us to grow in the steel business there.

I’d also tell you our growth in IBCs continue to exceed our expectations, high teens growth, but your question on alignment is very important, and we take that very seriously. The lagging performers in discrete regions around the world have a lot of attention from myself and the business presidents, and I’m actually confident that those businesses will return their CSI levels to the standards we expect.

Thanks for that question.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Let me follow on one thing too. RIPS, on an overall basis, you look at it, we had $4.8 million of negative drag in the quarter year-over-year from currency, almost $4 million of it from Argentina. Last year in Argentina in the third quarter we had $2.9 million of a 1991 tax refund that flowed through the quarter, so that’s on the year-over-year. We obviously had this $4.6 million adjustment on the transport, freight, but then we also had these conical drums, which is about $2.8 million of drag just related to the drought. So, bottom line is we’re actually pretty pleased with our performance in RIPS.

George Staphos:

Okay. Larry, I appreciate that. Thanks for the additional thoughts, and thank you, Pete. My follow on, and then I’ll turn it over, if you could give us a little bit more color in terms of the swing factors in your fiscal fourth quarter guidance. What drives the question is effectively you raised the lower end of the range, and much of that is driven by the freight reversal. In answering Gabe’s question, it sounds like the raw material situation is getting better, and yet you seem to call that out-at least to me, to my ears-as the biggest risk factor. So, help me understand what are the swing factors? What are you really building in true sort of fundamental cushion for and what might be just appropriate prudence and reserve, and then I’ll stand down and turn it over.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Sure. Thanks, George. As you know, we don’t give quarterly guidance, but obviously we’re at the last quarter of the year so it effectively ends up being that now. I did note that we got several comments about, “Well, gee, you’re guiding below fourth quarter consensus.” Well, that’s great; we don’t give quarterly numbers. When I look at it and I say what did we update it at June, I’m very pleased that we’re able to increase our guidance. You can look at it as tied to the accounting adjustment on the transport, but we look at it from a slightly different perspective.

From the time we provided that updated guidance in June we experienced the drought in Europe which cost us about $2.8 million. We had the currency shifted that changed from what we had forecast then to $2 million worse than was anticipated at that time. Our tax rate continues to be coming in just as we had guided; nothing is shifting on that. Offsetting those negatives, we realized the accounting adjustment of $4.6 million, and despite all that, because of improved operations in our business, we were able to raise our earnings guidance range. So, we’re actually very bullish on what’s going on in our business, and as we’ve said time and time again, many unexpected things happen in business. You need to just manage around them, and that’s one of the reasons we don’t give quarterly guidance.

Yes, we had the $4.6 million; it offset some other unexpected, unanticipated things, and then operations improved and that’s what’s allowed us to improve the guidance.

Operator:

Again, as a reminder, to ask a question please press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad, and please limit to one question and one follow-up.

Your next question comes from the line of Adam Josephson from KeyBanc. Please go ahead.

Adam Josephson:

Thanks. Pete and Larry, good morning.

Pete Watson:

Good morning, Adam.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Good morning.

Adam Josephson:

Good morning, Pete and Larry. Pete, you talked a few times about the discrete or isolated challenges in the RIPS business, I think in your prepared comments and in response to George’s question. A couple of related questions. One is what happened in Brazil at your largest plant? You talked about operating challenges there. Two, you’ve called out weather-related problems in each of the past four quarters in the Rigid business, be it hurricanes or drought or cold weather or whatever, but the last four quarters weather has been a consistent problem. It doesn’t seem like the weather problem in the last quarter was discrete; it seems more of a continuation of what you’ve experienced over the past several quarters. Just would appreciate your thoughts on those two issues.

Pete Watson:

Thanks Adam. In Brazil, we consolidated two operations into one about a year ago and we’ve had some operating issues in terms of maintenance, in terms of efficiencies that we have had to correct, which caused some throughput issues. We’re in the midst of correcting that, and then in addition to that, to a smaller extent, the truckers strike had an impact all throughout Brazil, so that really relates to that.

In regard to weather, we can’t control weather. We just have to operate within it. But when the-in our conical ag season, which really serves the tomato business, tomato paste business, it’s a fairly large portion of our third quarter and part of our fourth quarter, and it was down over half a million drums, when in the past two to three years we’ve had record volumes and record performance in that. So, we had early in the year that was rain and then it became very, very dry, and so the tomato farmers planted less crops and then the crops they had were really decimated by the severe heat. We didn’t expect the severity of that but it happened, and we didn’t control it, and it was a big part of the demand profile in RIPS EMEA. Again, if you look at taking out that one discrete issue in Southern Europe, our steel drum business grew by 2.2% overall in that region (sic) [2.0% overall globally].

So, from a demand standpoint, we feel very comfortable with what we’re doing and how we’re winning in those markets. I can’t control weather and we can’t control weather, and we can just manage through that.

Larry Hilsheimer:

I guess the only thing I’d add, Adam, is I hear you and obviously there have been a lot of different weather things, but we’re obviously just telling you relative to the guidance that we gave in June what changed. In June, we didn’t anticipate the drought wiping out the conical business in Europe. It’s just a step off and it’s just explaining the change.

Adam Josephson:

Sure. Just, Larry, on the cash flow, for my second question, it seems as though you’re guiding to the biggest free cash flow quarter in the Company’s history in 4Q-correct me if I’m wrong there. I know a year ago in 4Q I believe you had the largest free cash flow quarter ever. Is there something that is structurally changing in the Company such that you’re generating evermore of your free cash flow in the fourth quarter. If so, can you just help me understand that change?

Larry Hilsheimer:

Sure. Obviously, as we’ve said before, we have a lot of confidence in our cash flow forecast and that’s despite increased cap ex. To your core question, over time we have had an increase in our ag segment business that’s had something to do with it. Obviously, the conical business being off this year will drag that, but that’s more than offset by the fact in

the Paper business you’ve had the OCC cost and the paper price increases flowing in in the second half of the year. That’s what’s going on this year. But yes, it’s been a subtle shift over time. We actually have not dug in to find out exactly the shifting nature. Actually we were just talking about that yesterday, that we’re going to go back and try to look at what else has impacted it, but we know it’s those primarily two things for this year, anyway, but the ag thing has been shifting.

We didn’t have a big ag business in Europe a number of years ago. We got big in the conical space, which was a nice lift, and despite it being significantly off this year from what we had projected it to be, it’s still a nice business and it's all second half.

Operator:

Your next question comes from the line of Justin Bergner from Gabelli & Company. Please go ahead.

Justin Bergner:

Hi. Good morning, Pete. Good morning, Larry.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Hey, Justin.

Pete Watson:

Hi, Justin.

Justin Bergner:

I just have a couple of clarifying questions. First, the increase in gross profit in Rigid, should I interpret that in light of volumes being negative across your global Rigid business that there was an improvement in mix? Because I know you indicated that lagging cost recovery was still a headwind.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Yes, Justin, it is. It’s a combination of mix, but again-and we do have some higher volumes as Pete went through in some of our more profitable areas. I mean North America is a nice space for us and we’ve taken nice price increases, but also had volume driven things. We obviously are still trying to catch up on that cost curve on steel, so we’re optimistic about what first quarter next year shows for North America.

Justin Bergner:

Okay, that’s helpful. Secondly, I just want to make sure I understood what was going on with FX. In the prepared remarks you mentioned FX headwind of $4.8 million but then you said something about it netting to a $1 million headwind. Could you just clarify what you mean there? How much of the FX headwind is sort of one-time versus ongoing?

Larry Hilsheimer:

The $4.8 million is in the RIPS segment alone, Justin, and $4 million of that is Argentina alone because of their economic challenges. On an overall basis for Greif consolidated it’s $1 million for the quarter. Obviously we have the offset in some of the other business units, primarily FPS with the lira. It ends up favoring us because it’s a translated cost on labor and us selling into the euro market, so a nice tailwind in that business along with their operational improvement.

As to it being a one-time item, I mean that’s very difficult to call. I mean which way currency markets are going, we hedge about half of our currency risk right now and the hedges are working as designed in terms of bottom line impact and actually are sort of a negative drag for us this year against some of the currencies, but it’s all slight. The bottom line impact, as we said, for the year we expect to be very minor.

Operator:

Your next question comes from Steve Chercover from D.A. Davidson. Please go ahead.

Steve Chercover:

Thanks. Good morning everyone.

Pete Watson:

Hey, Steve.

Steve Chercover:

(Inaudible) probably easy one. Is there any residual pricing benefit yet to be realized from the spring containerboard hike? That was my first.

Pete Watson:

No. All the price increases have been fully realized throughout our system.

Steve Chercover:

Okay, terrific. Then I actually don’t want to rip on performance of RIPS because it sounds like there’s actually some good things going on, but I’m just wondering were the start up expenses of the facilities in Europe, did they impact the quarter much? If so, by how much?

Larry Hilsheimer:

Not really. There was nothing more than what we had built into our plans at all, Steve. Nothing significant. The only thing that’s impacting us, I’d say to keep in mind relative to original guidance and to Europe real volumes is because of the delays in those projects, because of delivery delays on blow molders-just as an aside on that, our primary supplier in that reconsolidated their production facilities from elsewhere in Europe to Czechoslovakia and put them way behind which then put us way behind on receiving our blow molders. That has impacted us in not getting those up and operational as quickly as we had thought we would, and that’s cost us some earnings this year and volumes, which has been another challenge we’ve overcome, which is why again I go back to we’re very pleased with where our RIPS business is.

Operator:

Your next question comes from Dan Jacome from Sidoti & Company. Please go ahead.

Dan Jacome:

Good morning. Can you hear me?

Pete Watson:

Yeah. We can, Dan.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Sure.

Dan Jacome:

Terrific. Thank you. Just two longer term questions, I guess. Can you give us an update on the sheet feeder network capacity build that you guys are-I think you said you were projecting to be complete by the end of Fiscal ’19. Sorry if you did provide an update and I missed it.

Then my second question was just on taxes. I know at your Analyst Day in ’17 you discussed several potential levers in place to mitigate tax leakage. Can you give an update on that? If you still see any room for improvement just on the tax line in the next couple of years? Thanks a lot.

Pete Watson:

Dan, I’ll answer the corrugator and Larry can handle the tax. No change. That Mid-Atlantic corrugator in northeast Pennsylvania is on track for late 2019, exactly how we’ve told everybody last quarter. We’re on pace.

Larry Hilsheimer:

With respect to taxes, Dan, I couldn’t be more pleased with our Tax group and the things that they’re doing for the Company. They’ve really done great work for us in driving-like our cash tax rate this year will probably be around 18% and that means we’re deferring a lot of taxes out there, and that’s non-GAAP.

As to future, I anticipate that we will be able to reduce that sort of non-tax range. We’re now at 28 to 32; I would expect it to move down a couple of hundred basis points over time. But, tax planning is complicated. You get into a lot of state and local tax environments, and one of the things I think we all can be concerned about is we’ve got a lot of states in this country that have pension liabilities that they’re under water on and they need to pay for them somehow, so with the federal taxes going down they might find leeway to raise state and local taxes. I think that is just something to be cautious about.

Dan Jacome:

Okay, fair enough. That helps. So, just remind us again on the new Mid-Atlantic feeder network, what’s going to be the long-term end game and what are you looking to improve on versus your current asset base? Is it going to maybe speed to market, or more value-added, customized containerboard product? Can you just remind us on that? That’s all I had.

Pete Watson:

The installation of that is consistent with our strategy in Paper Packaging and it’ll both have specialty value-added product, an asitrade which makes litho-laminated sheets. It also will have a high-speed wide corrugator. We chose to put it there because it strengthens our regional network to serve our strategic customers in our existing CorrChoice network, but it also is aligned where we have committed customers in that region that are strategic to us, so our view is we build new plants not with a hope and prayer, but with committed customers that are strategic to us that helps us grow and enable our customers to be successful. That’s our philosophy and as we continue to expand and grow in any of our businesses in Greif those will be the earmarks on why we’ll expand.

Operator:

Again, as a reminder, to ask a question please press star, one on your telephone keypad, and please limit to one question and one follow-up. Your next question comes from the line of George Staphos from Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.

George Staphos:

Hi. Thanks for taking my follow-ons. My next two, Pete, you talked about compelling growth opportunities and evaluating those versus return of value to shareholders. Obviously you study this very closely, as do all companies, and I know you can’t get too far ahead of yourselves relative to whenever the press releases ultimately come out, but how would you rate the growth opportunity pipeline at this juncture looking out six to 12 months versus where it might have been six months ago? That’s question number one.

Then question number two, just since we’re on the subject of cash flow, I think you mentioned earlier just now in answering a question that cash taxes, Larry, will be around 18%. How long do you think you can keep that kind of-maybe not to the basis point, but that kind of differential versus the GAAP rate? Thank you, and I’ll be back.

Pete Watson:

Thanks, George. I’ll answer the first one and allow Larry to answer the second one. The opportunities six months ago versus now, I would tell you we have a very good process we’re following. We have a very active pipeline. I think the multiples are similar to where they were six months ago. I think what becomes available differentiates what was six months ago to today. Again, we’re going to be very disciplined in what we look at and what we execute on, and it’s not going to be a growth strategy for growth’s sake; it’ll be how do we improve our cash flow and how do we improve our margins and our profits.

We feel good about what we have in front of us, but it’s like you said; it’s a balance between growth for margin and cash flow versus other opportunities we have to deliver value back to our shareholders.

Larry Hilsheimer:

George with respect to the cash tax rate, I’ve not asked the team to build that out to where we think it would be right now, so I don’t really have a great answer for you, a detailed answer, but just a couple of high level things to point out.

One is we are continuously working on further strategies to manage and reduce our tax liabilities and part of that is trying to figure out how do you push tax liabilities out. Second is it can be really bumpy because of some of the provisions in the new tax law. Let’s say on the M&A front, if we bought assets on a business, you have provisions that allow you to write off the entire amount now, so you could end up having a really lumpy look at cash.

Then finally, as part of the tax reform also, you have the eight-year transition tax that you have to pay for elimination of the repatriation provisions, so there’s a lot of give and takes. It’s not a perfect answer for you.

As we go into our budgeting process for next year and looking at cash flow, we’ll obviously be looking at what we believe will be the impact for next year, and we’ll try to look at what does it look like going into the future, but then there’s always that caution, particularly if you’re active in this M&A market, it could be all over the place.

George Staphos:

Thank you.

Operator:

Your next question comes from the line of Adam Josephson from KeyBanc. Please go ahead.

Adam Josephson:

Thanks, Pete and Larry. Appreciate it. Just two more from me. Just one on your paper business. Obviously you’ve been growing well ahead of the market, and kudos to you on that. As you know, there have been many capacity announcements over the last year, presumably in response to these extremely healthy industry conditions. At some point soon, given the rate at which you’re growing, do you anticipate a need to add capacity as well, and why or why not?

Pete Watson:

You’re right. Attractive markets always draw capital investment. Our strategy the next three to five years is to continue to grow our downstream converting business focused on specialty products and higher margin with the idea of becoming over-integrated. We think when you’re an over-integrated environment, in the industry as we see it today, I think that’s a real advantage. That’s our focus.

Our mill capital will be predominantly around maintenance capital, how do we drive energy cost reduction? How do we drive throughput improvements? How do we lower our cost structure? But it won’t be about building significant capacity in any of our mill systems as we sit today.

Adam Josephson:

Thanks, Pete. Just one on the dividend. Just help me with the timing and the magnitude of it. I believe it equates to about a $5 million annual increase in the dividend. Did that come at the expense of some other capital return? Why announce it at the end of the third quarter? I don’t-forgive me for not remembering when you typically announce dividend increases, but any just context around the timing and magnitude would be helpful.

Pete Watson:

I’ll make one comment and let Larry comment. I will tell you that this does not come at the expense of any growth opportunity at all. That’s one of our highest priorities, but we just felt we’re comfortable in our cash flow and our earnings profile and we have not had a dividend in the near term and we thought it was prudent to do to our shareholders to return some cash back.

Larry Hilsheimer:

Yes. Adam, you know, we’ve been talking with the Board about this for some time because as we’ve worked through our transformation, we’ve become more and more confident about our ability to be a steady cash generator. We’ve been consistently telling people that one of our key focuses is returning capital to shareholders.

We are obviously remaining very active in M&A pursuits, and we just spent $65 million of an extra pension payment. We actually paid $70 million but we only called out the $65 million because we were going to make $5 million anyway.

We weren’t prepared to do any stock repurchases or large special dividends, but because of the high confidence we have in our cash flow generation and our extremely low leverage position, we felt it was just appropriate to live up to our commitment to return more capital to our shareholders and so we increased the recurring dividend and the Board agreed and approved it.

Operator:

Your next question comes from the line of Justin Bergner from Gabelli & Company. Please go ahead.

Justin Bergner:

Thanks again. I hope I’m not beating a dead horse, but just on the FX side, you’re essentially saying that there was a $4.8 million headwind in the Rigid segment, which was almost entirely-or it was offset to the tune of $3.8 million from tailwinds in the Flexible segment. Is that how (inaudible)?

Larry Hilsheimer:

That’s essentially it, yes.

Justin Bergner:

Okay. Was any of the negative $4.8 million related to sort of balance sheet items which changed and ran through the P&L or is mainly transactional headwinds just associated with where your cost base versus revenue base is?

Larry Hilsheimer:

Predominantly transactional and it’s income statement not the P&L-or not balance sheet.

Justin Bergner:

Okay, great. Thanks.

Operator:

Your next question comes from the line of Gabriel Hajde from Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead.

Gabriel Hajde:

Thank you gentlemen. Just one quick last one. The volume weakness in Latin America and I guess specifically Brazil, is there any way to kind of parse out the strike related weakness versus what you’re seeing in the market? Then also, I guess, this consolidated facility, I mean from an outside world the very simple approach would be kind of 10 days over 60 some work days in the quarter would suggest you were down-you should be down mid-teens, but in fact you were only down 10%. It seems to me that you’re actually growing pretty well in other markets. I guess can you provide a little bit of color around what you’re seeing in terms of the market growth and any one-time items?

Pete Watson:

Sure will, Gabe. The bigger miss on volumes was the operational challenges that we had, lesser so on the strike. As you said, it was only 10 days. We had some issues that are totally within our control that we did not perform well and we are addressing those. I would characterize the market in Latin America as modest and cautious growth. You’ve certainly got some financial tightening with Argentina and their currency, and you have political uncertainty, what seems to be a common theme in Brazil, so I would say it’s cautious but it’s more on us and what we did not do well in Brazil and how we operated. I promise you, that’s being addressed and you should start seeing in the next three to five months improvement in regard to our ability to operate more effectively in Brazil.

Gabe Hajde:

Thank you.

Pete Watson:

Thank you.

Operator:

Your last question today comes from George Staphos from Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.

George Staphos:

Hi guys. Thanks for taking the last follow-on, and again, appreciate the format of the call. Two things here. One, when we look at your heat map chart, if you will, where you look at volume price and FX, and we look at third quarter versus the second quarter, certainly price has been a very good story for Greif over the last few years, but we’re starting to see maybe a little bit of diminution in the year-on-year pricing trend. Should we read anything into that in terms of your ability to raise pricing, especially as you’re trying to catch up on costs? Or is it purely just mechanical? To Gabe’s point, you had some markets where costs were down and therefore the mechanical flow through of pricing was less robust. That’s question number one.

Question number two, as we think about China and what you might do there-and obviously you’ll give us the details in a few months-do you anticipate lowering your actual productive capacity? Maybe you’ll take out some roofs and reduce costs, and however it is that you’ll become more effective than you already are in commercial aspects. We’ll hear about that in the next few months, but do you anticipate maybe reducing capacity or is it just more of a cost reduction initiative?

Thank you guys, and good luck in the quarter.

Pete Watson:

Thanks, George. Your first question, I think you answered it and Gabe did as well. It’s all reflective of the raw material increases are mitigating and they’re becoming more flat. You have peaks and valleys, smaller levels within different regions that are driven by price adjustment mechanisms, but we also, because of certain other inflationary costs have one-time openers in our agreements that we can try to get additional cost increases and we’ll always try to do that.

Your second question around China, our first initiative is always to look at markets and where the profit pools that are best, advantageous to us, and then you look at where your operating capacities are in those regions that have the most attractive profit pools. So our first item is can we secure better price, more value-added margin business and

then align our operating capacities to that. Our first priority is to sell more-better business, but the other solution is we very well could reduce capacities in certain regions in China, and we’re looking at all those options right now, but we would prefer to grow. It really depends on what we believe is our best chance to make the best operating profits in that country. Quite frankly, we look at every market the same way.

George Staphos:

Okay. Peter, thank you.

Pete Watson:

Yes, sir. Thank you.

Operator:

There are no further questions at this time. I will now turn the call back over to Mr. Eichmann for closing remarks.

Matt Eichmann:

Great. Thanks very much, Kelly, and thanks a lot for joining our conference call today. We hope you have a great long weekend ahead.

Operator:

This concludes today’s conference call. You may now disconnect.